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交通意外賠償數額的爭議
這是一宗交通意外賠償數額的爭議。意外發生地點是沙田圍路與沙田路交界。被告人衝紅燈,以致正在右轉的原告人急停,他的私家車被尾隨的的士撞到,引致原告人受傷。法庭裁定被告人須負法律責任,數額有待評估。
原告人總申索為:
痛楚,傷痛及失去生活樂趣 | HK$300,000 |
審前收入損失 | HK$104,167 |
工作能力損失 | HK$120,000 |
特別損失(交通費用) | HK$4,595 |
特別損失(補品) | HK$3,000 |
特別損失(醫療費用) | HK$22,550 |
特別損失(車輪檢查維修費用) | HK$29,027(沒有爭議) |
總計: | HK$583,339 |
原告人及被告人的證供
原告人在聆訊中作供,在盤問中並無動搖,被認為可接納其證供。原告人坦誠的說出現在的收入,傷勢對他的工作及駕駛沒有很大的影響。就本案的一大疑問,即為何原告人沒有報稅及強積金紀錄?法官認為他能夠提供滿意的解釋,即業務是家庭式的,以現金出糧,老闆不報稅及不供強積金,年紀老邁亦不願出庭作證;法官可以理解這些情況。
被告人指控原告人遲遲沒有依法庭命令,提交收入證明及銀行資料。他解釋拿取銀行資料需時;並且在上述背景下,再三考慮並遲交資料亦可以理解。
原告人能巨細無遺的解釋業務,客戶詳情,並提供大量與客戶往來的發票,法官接受他曾在該家庭業務工作。法官亦接受他在病假期內,需要金錢週轉,因此向銀行借貸。
被告人亦在聆訊中作供,不過他的證供與本案關係不大。
共同醫療報告
報告內原告人的情況大約如下:
(a) Diffused tenderness was elicited along the spinous process of his lower cervical spine;
(b) Both left and right lateral flexion and both left and right turning of the neck were not full;
(c) Right neck turning and lateral flexion were painful at their extremes;
(d) Back movements were painful in all directions;
(e) Both left and right lateral flexion and both left and right turning of the back were not full;
(f) 4 out of 5 Waddell signs were negative;
(g) Tenderness was elicited at the right trapezius muscle, bicipital groove and acromioclavicular joint; and
(h) X-rays of lumbar spine revealed degenerative changes from L3/4 down to L4/5 levels, spina bifida occulta S1 and aortic calcifications。
潘醫生的意見如下:
(a) P developed acute of pain over his neck, lower back and right shoulder as well as right upper limb weakness and numbness shortly after the Accident;
(b) The non-organic component of P’s lower back pain was not significant as only 1 out of 5 Waddell signs was positive;
(c) P’s lumbar spondylosis should be pre-existing to the Accident;
(d) P’s neck and lower back affections were soft tissue injuries of respectively cervical and lumbar spine;
(e) The symptoms and signs of P’s right shoulder pain were compatible with subacromial impingement syndrome which was a soft tissue pathology of the rotator cuff of the shoulder;
(f) P was diagnosed to have suffered from soft tissue sprained injury of cervical and lumbar spine caused by the vehicle collision in the Accident. The pre-existing lumbar spondylosis was unlikely to have predisposed to the injury; and
(g) P also suffered from soft tissue injury to his right shoulder, possibly caused by contusion during the impact of collision in the Accident。
江醫生的意見則是:
(a) P’s neck and back sprain and injuries after the Accident should be mild because he was able to walk out of the car to inspect the damage; and
(b) P’s right shoulder problem was likely pre-existing with impingement syndrome and was unrelated to the Accident。
就工作能力的損失(loss of earning capacity),潘醫生評估為6%,而江醫生則評估為0.5%。
代表原告人的大律師提出潘醫生的醫學結論較為詳細,亦有列出清晰的論據,他的醫學結論應被採納,本席同意。江醫生並沒有提出理據基礎,或進一步的解釋。此外,原告人雖然在意外後步行出車,觀察情況,但之後返回車內休息,並向警員提及受傷情況。法官接受潘醫生的醫學意見(評估為6%)。
原告人委託大律師提出痛楚、傷痛及失去生活樂趣(PSLA)的賠償數額,可參考2012年一宗案例,法官認為原告人受傷的情況較該案為輕。考慮過以往的案例,特別是HCPI xxx/20xx,法官認為兩案傷者的受傷情況相似,該案PSLA的數額裁決為HK$175,000。法官裁定此案的PSLA的數額為HK$180,000。
案前收入損失
- 兩位醫生同意病假的時間。本席亦認為此乃被告人應賠償的時段,法官接受原告人在該段期間的月薪為HK$25,000,所以該損失的數目是HK$66,667。
即 HK$25,000 X 2.5 (2個半月)+ HK$25,000 X 5/30
= HK$66,667
工作能力的損失
- 大律師提出,雖然原告人現在的轎車業務能夠提供可觀的收入,但原告人的工作能力因是次意外被削弱,將來亦有機會改變工作,因此法官同意。但法官認為機會不是很大,因從申索人的行為表現可見,他做生意的機會較大,所以判決此項數額為HK$40,000。
特別損失(交通費用)
- 法官同意大律師陳詞,每程來回以HK$130計算看醫生及物理治療共29次,加上這意外當日的HK$100車費,即數目為HK$3,870。
HK$130 X 29 + HK$100 = HK$3,870
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總結賠償項目及金額
法官評估原告人的損失如下:
痛楚,傷痛及失去生活樂趣 | HK$180,000 |
審前收入損失 | HK$66,667 |
工作能力損失 | HK$40,000 |
特別損失(交通費用) | HK$3,870 |
特別損失(補品) | HK$2,000 |
特別損失(醫療費用) | HK$22,550 |
特別損失(車輪檢查維修費用) | HK$29,027 |
總計: | HK$344,114 |
判決款項連利息,特別損失由意外日期起計算至判決日止,利息以判定利率的一半計算;其餘的由入禀日期起計至判決日為止,利息以年利率2%計算;之後全部以判決利息計算,直到支付為止。
法官亦頒下暫準的訟費命令,即被告人支付原告人的訟費,包括保留的訟費,連大律師證書,如雙方不能協議,則由法庭評定。除非任何一方在14天內以傳票方式申請更改,此命令在14天後成為絕對命令。
外部連結:法律援助署